由文入史:从缪钺先生的学术看文辞修养对现代史学研究的“支援”作用

From Literature to History: How the Exquisite Diction Supports Modern Historical Research in the Case of Miao Yue

缪钺先生的学术风格以"文史结合"著称。从史学研究观点看,"文史结合"最重要的核心是将文辞视为一种考证工具(而不仅是史料)。从中国现代学术文史分途的发展过程看,缪先生的学术风格并非"主流",然绝非特例。一批经历与之相似的学人的事例表明,在现代史学与传统学术关联的意义上,除了"由经入史"外,还存在一条"由文入史"的道路。深厚的文辞修养在五个方面对他们的史学观念和实践提供了支援作用:对"人"的关注、对人情感世界的注意、"了解之同情"的研究方法、对历史"意义"的发掘、对传统文化的"温情与敬意"。

The academic style of Miao Yue is known as ＂combining literature with history. ＂ From the perspective of historical research, the core of ＂combining literature with history＂ is that diction should be considered a research tool （rather than historical data）. In the separate development of Chinese modem academic researches on literature and history, Miao＇s academic style is not in ＂mainstream＂; yet it is by no means a special case. A lot of eases from a group of scholars with a similar experience show that, in the significance of correlation between modem history and traditional history, there is another path ＂from literature into history＂, besides ＂from Classics into history＂. The profound diction accomplishment supports their historical perception and practice in five aspects： paying attention to ＂human being＂, focusing on emotional world of human being, the research method of ＂understanding sympathetically＂, exploring the ＂meaning＂ of history, and keeping the tender feeling and respect for traditional culture.