10个烤烟品种间的腺毛密度比较研究

Difference in the glandular hair density in 10 flue-cured tobaccos

以相同栽培条件下的10个烤烟品种为试验材料,在光学显微镜下对烤烟腺毛的数量和分布进行了统计分析。结果表明,长柄腺毛是烤烟叶片中的优势腺毛,在腺毛总体中的比例（69.5%~90.5%）远高于短柄腺毛（9.5%~30.5%）,对叶片腺毛总体密度的影响最大,而短柄腺毛因数量稳定也能反映品种特征。烤烟上、下表皮的腺毛密度差异极显著（F=41.053,P〈0.01）,下表皮的腺毛密度较大,其变异系数（0.14）和全表皮腺毛密度一致,更能反映出品种的腺毛密度特征;短柄腺毛的密度除K326和‘吉烟7号’外都是上表皮密度大于下表皮,差异显著（F=6.466,P〈0.05）,反映出上表皮的腺毛发育较早。按照全表皮的腺毛密度平均值10个品种的排列顺序是：吉烟7号〉中烟90〉K346〉87414〉云烟85〉8021〉NC82〉G28〉RG11〉K326,烤烟腺毛密度特征具有品种差异,但受环境条件影响较大,可做为局部地区内的烤烟品种筛选指标之一。

To investigate the difference in the glandular hair density in flue-cured tobacco varieties, the quan- tity and distribution of the glandular hairs of ten flue-cured tobacco varieties under the same cultivation conditions were determined using the optical microscope. The results showed that long handle glandular hairs were dominant with the range of 69.5-90.5%, which was much higher than short glandular hairs （9.5%-30.5%） in the flue-cured tobacco leaf glandular hairs. Long handle glandular hairs had the biggest impact on overall density of leaf blade glandular hairs, while short glandular hairs can reflect the varietal characteristics due to the stable quantity. The glandular trichome density between upper and lower epidermis was significantly different in 10 varieties （F=41.053, P〈0.01）. The greater glandular trichome density on the lower epidermis can be more representative to the character of glandular trichome density with the variable coefficient being 0.14, which was in accordance with the whole epidermis glandular hairs density. Short glandular trichome density was greater on the upper epidermis than on the lower epidermis in all varieties except K326 and No. 7 Jiyan （F=6.466, P〈0.05 ） . According to the average density of glandular hairs on the epidermis, the 10 varieties can be ordered as No.7 Jiyan〉Zhongyan 90〉K346〉87414〉Yunyan 85〉8021〉NC82〉G28〉RG11〉K326. Although the glandular hairs density of flue-cured tobaccos was also affected by the environmental conditions, it can still be used as one of the indicators for screen- ing flue-cured tobacco varieties in certain regions.