基于金星借力的黄道面外日冕探测器轨道设计

Orbit Design of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections Probe with Venus Gravity-Assist

针对向太阳高纬发射日冕探测器科学任务,对借金星引力探测器轨道设计进行了研究。用圆锥曲线拼接法给出了地球逃逸轨道参数中的升交点赤径和近地点幅角的解析解,保证了快速设计轨道。分析数组飞往金星的日心过渡轨道发现:首次飞入金星影响球前探测器日心轨道偏心率较大,是保证多次借金星引力提高倾角的关键;当探测器日心轨道偏心率接近零时,借力后轨道倾角不会继续提高。设计了与金星轨道周期相等的三次金星借力轨道,倾角最终达到黄纬20°以上。

Aim to the science task of launching solar coronal probe, the design of Venus gravity-assisted trajectories （VGT） to the high latitude of the sun are presented in this paper. Based on the patched-conic theory, the analytic solution of the right ascension of the satellite ascending node and the argument of perigee in the earth escape phase was derived. Some characteristic orbits from the earth to the Venus were analyzed. The results showed that the eccentricity, which was before the first VGT, should be as hig as possible to get a high inclination, which would not increase as the eccentricity approaches to zero. The simulation results with multiple VGT showed that the inclination of the objective orbit relative to the ecliptic could reach to above 20° via three VGA flybys.