镇江市润州区人群土源性线虫感染综合防治效果

Effect of comprehensive prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematonematodiasis in Runzhou District of Zhenjiang City

目的评价镇江市润州区人群土源性线虫病防治效果。方法在实施药物驱虫、健康教育、改水改厕为主综合防治措施的同时,开展居民土源性线虫感染监测,调查当地经济指标、自来水和无害化厕所普及率,进行防治效果评价。结果 1997-2012年全区实施集体化疗累计20.21万人次,粪检阳性驱虫化疗2 006人次。居民健康知识知晓率1997年为57.18%,2012年达95.62%;自来水和无害化厕所普及率1997年分别为10.14%和10.21%,2012年分别为100.0%和90.38%。居民土源性线虫感染率与人均国内生产总值和居民人均年纯收入均呈显著负相关(r人均国内生产总值=-0.526,P<0.05;r居民人均年纯收入=-0.671,P<0.01);与自来水普及率、无害化厕所普及率和健康知识知晓率间也均呈显著负相关(r自来水普及率=-0.936,r无害化厕所普及率=-0.922,r健康知识知晓率=-0.774,P均<0.01)居民土源性线虫感染率呈指数曲线下降趋势(y=42.031 7e-0.357 6x,R2=0.803 6,F=57.28,P=0.000)。务农人员感染率显著高于学生(χ2=17.998,P<0.01),男、女感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.627,P=0.057)。结论综合性防治措施实施及社会经济发展有助于人群土源性线虫感染率的持续下降。

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Runzhou District,Zhenjiang City,Jiangsu Province from 1997 to 2012. Methods The comprehensive prevention and control measures included the helminthicide,health education,improvement of water supplier and harmless toilets,and these measures were implemented continuously. At the same time,the infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes,the local economic indicators,and the coverage rates of tap water and harmless toilets were surveyed. Results The mass chemotherapy was performed for 202 100 person-times and the diagnosed chemotherapy was performed for 2 006 person-times in Runzhou District from 1997 to 2012. The awareness rates of health knowledge were 57.18% in 1997,and 95.62% in 2012. The coverage rates of tap water and harmless toilets were 10.14% and 10.21% in 1997,and 100.0% and 90.38% in 2012,respectively. There were negative correlations between the awareness rate of per capita GDP,per capita net income,coverage rates of tap water,coverage rates of harmless toilets,health knowledge and the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes,respectively（rpercapita GDP=-0.526,P〈0.05;rper capita net income=-0.671,P〈0.01;rcoverage rates of tap water=-0.936,P〈0.01;rcoverage rates of harmless toilets=-0.922,P〈0.01;rawareness=-0.774,P〈0.01）. The statistical analysis showed that the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes had a downward trend as an exponential curve in Runzhou District from 1997 to 2012（y = 42.031 7e-0.357 6x,R2= 0.803 6,F = 57.28,P = 0.000）. The infection rate of degradation by an annual rate was 29.18%. The infection rate in farmers was significantly higher than that in students（ χ2=17.998,P〈0.01）. There was no significant difference between men and women in the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes（ χ2= 3.627,P = 0.057）. Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and control measures and the development of social economy contribute to the steady decline of soil-transmitted nematode infections.