汉语小句简论

Brief Discussion of Chinese Clauses

汉语小句可充当谓语以外的各种句法成分,汉语小句同英语类西方语言中关系化不可同日而语;汉语中不存在关系化现象,也没有论元饱和化要求;西语中若干类型从句可归并入汉语定语位置小句;定语位置小句与普通定语无二,中心语同定语小句间连接词多样化:助词"的",指示词,量词,数词;连接词分工有二:定语/中心语标记功能。

Clauses can function as syntactic elements other than predicate.Chinese clauses,unlike western linguistic clause relativization,have neither linguistic relativization,nor requirement for saturation of arguments.Various types of sub-clauses of western languages can be summarized as attributive clauses in Chinese;Chinese clauses in attributive position have no difference from common attributes.There are various linking elements between attributes and phrasal head：various：auxiliary ＂de＂,indicative terms,quantifiers and numerals.Linking terms have two functions：attributive/head marking.