电磁轨道炮身管设计的预紧机理分析

Pretightening Mechanism Analysis of Barrel Design in Electromagnetic Rail Gun

电磁轨道炮发射时导轨在电磁斥力作用下向外侧扩张,这种扩张作用直接影响着导轨与固体电枢接触性能。身管结构设计需要对电磁斥力引起的导轨分离量进行限制。利用材料弹性理论对某预紧型电磁轨道身管在预紧力与导轨斥力综合作用下的结构形变进行了理论分析,提出了预估载荷、预紧系数、载荷系数和结构参数等概念,导出了基于导轨分离量和以上参数间的预紧机理数学解析公式,进行了ANSYS仿真。计算结果表明,预紧技术作为一项重要工程技术可以大幅提高身管径向刚度,减小电磁斥力作用下的导轨分离量。预紧机理的数学解析有助于在身管设计和制造阶段更好地理解和控制导轨分离量。

The rails were expanded outside under the action of the electromagnetic repulsed force when the electromagnetic rail gun was launching.The magnitude of the expanding has direct influence on the electrical contact performance between the rail and the solid armature.The rail deflections must be limited for the sake of the design of the rail gun equipment.The elasticity theory of the materials was used to analyze the barrel material deflection of certain rail gun equipment under the action of compound effect of assumed load,pretightening force coefficient,load coefficient and configuration parameters.At last,a model was analyzed and simulated by use of ANSYS software,and some conclusions were acquired.Conclusions showed that the theory is true and pretightening technique can reduce the rail deflections when the armature is thrown.These analysis and conclusions are help to achieve a better understanding of how to control rail deflections during the process of the electromagnetic rail gun design.