旅游业可持续发展的机制设计研究

A Study on Mechanism Design of Tourism Sustainable Development

机制设计理论的本质是对于给定的社会和经济目标,在自由选择、自愿交换的分散化决策条件下,设计出一个经济机制,使经济活动参与者的个人目标与机制设计者的目标相一致。实现资源的帕累托有效配置,有效地利用信息,激励相容是判断一个经济机制优劣的三个条件。对于旅游研究领域而言,保持旅游业的可持续发展是我国旅游发展的目标和必然选择,但在缺乏有效的激励和约束机制条件下,旅游资源未能得到有效地配置和利用,而且旅游活动参与者的个人理性往往与旅游可持续发展的社会理性出现严重的背离,导致旅游资源和生态环境破坏严重,阻碍了旅游业的可持续发展。本文依据机制设计理论,对旅游业可持续发展的运行机制、旅游资源保护机制、旅游技术创新机制、旅游监测预警机制、旅游激励约束机制和旅游可持续消费机制等进行创新设计,使各机制因素形成紧密的内在联系,相互关联,共同推动旅游业的可持续发展。

The essence of Mechanism design theory is, towards given social and economic goals, under free choice and voluntary exchange decentralized decision-making conditions, to design a kind of economic mechanism,which makes the personal goals consistent with the mechanisms designers＇. Effective allocation of resources Pareto,effective use of information and incentive compatibility is the standard of judging an economic mechanism. In the field of tourism research, keeping tourism sustainable development is the strategy target of china and inevitable choice. But because lacking effective incentive and restrict mechanism, tourism resources can not be effectively allocated and used, and Individual rationality of the participants of the tourism activities often associated with a serious departure from the social rationality of the sustainable development of tourism, resulting in destroying tourism resources and ecology environment. So, according to the mechanism design theory, this study carries out an innovative design on the tourism sustainable operating mechanisms、resource protection、technological innovative、monitoring and early warning、incentives and restrict、sustainable consumption mechanisms, which to make the factors form closely relations,jointly promote the tourism sustainable development.