优质烤烟田间采收成熟度研究现状与展望

Research and Prospection on Maturity of Fine Quality Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves Harvested in the Fields

田间鲜烟叶成熟度直接关乎烟叶的质量稳定性、安全性和市场竞争力.因此,就影响田间鲜烟叶成熟度的生态条件、烤烟品种、着生部位、营养水平等因素和反映鲜烟叶成熟度的生化指标、光谱技术等几个方面进行综述,建议"工、商、研"应进一步统一认识,深入系统地开展联合研究,因地制宜制订"完熟"烟叶生产管理规范及生产措施,以关键生化指标与光谱技术相结合,升级完善鲜烟叶成熟度识别手段,努力实现"绿色生态、完美成熟"落地生根.

The maturity of flue-cured tobacco leaves in the fields is directly related to quality stability,security to health and market competitiveness.The factors effecting harvest maturity of ecological conditions,flue-cured tobacco varieties,leaf locations,nutrition levels,biochemical indexes and spectrum technology were reviewed.The proposals are offered as follows：the industrial enterprise, commercial company and research department should further unify their opinions to harvest maturity,and systematically carry out joint research;some measures suited to local circumstances should be formulated for tobacco leaf production;Updating the recognition meth-ods to fresh tobacco leaves maturity in the fields by combining the key biochemical indexes with spectral technique so as to do the best to achieve the goals of“green,ecological and perfect maturity”in tobacco planting.