中国基层社会治理与参与主体的近代嬗变

Evolution ofGrassroots Social Governance and Participant Subjects in Modern China

中国基层社会的治理模式,自晚清以来就在各种社会力量的推动下发生着剧烈的变动,由此也促使基层权力主体格局在竞相更易的新旧制度演变中此消彼长、渐次递进。从总体上来看,近代以来社会治理模式与基层权力主体的嬗变演进,是经历了从地方权绅—工农群众—参议员—人民代表这样一条清晰的变动格局。与此同时,参与治理的权力主体格局变动,也鲜明地凸显出近代中国的激剧变动在基层社会中的历史映像。不过,回观近代中国的社会治理演进轨迹与基层权力的嬗变,也有值得进一步反思的地方。

Driven by various social forces, grassroots social governance model in modernChina has underg- one drastic changes since the late Qing dynasty, causing the shift of grassroots power subjects in different social systems. Generally speaking, the evolution model of social governance has undergone from local au- thorities to the mass people of workers and peasants, Senators,and people; s deputies. Meanwhile, the shift of power subjects involved also showed a historical image of a drastically changing China in grassro- ots society. When re-examining the evolution of social governance and the shift of grassroots power, we may have more to reflect.