抗战时期国民政府易货还款对贵州汞矿开采的影响

Impact on Mercury Mining for Barter Repayment during the Anti-Japanese War in Guizhou

抗战开始后国民政府先后与与苏联、美国签订易货还款协定,资源委员会统制开采的贵州汞矿有了稳定销售市场后得以迅速发展,对外易货还款创收一定外汇的同时,也为资源委员会、贵州地方政府和从事汞矿开采的商民创造了一定财富。1942年之后,在国际汞价管制和国内通货膨胀的双重压力之下,资源委员会唯有牺牲民营汞矿和官营工矿矿工的利益来维持易货还款的继续,贵州汞业也走向衰落。

The central government of the Kuomintang signed barter payment treaties with the Soviet Union and USA successively at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War. The Mercury mining in Guizhou developed rapidly after having a stable sales market. The external barter repayments not only brought certain foreign exchange to the state,but also earned some profits the national resource committee,Guizhou local governments and the mine merchants. After 1942,under the international price control of mercury and domestic inflation,Resources Committee had to sacrifice the interests of the private mercury enterprises and miners. From then on,the mercury industry in Guizhou began to incline.