基于GIS与RS三维虚拟林相图可视化技术研究

3D virtual visualization technology research of forest form map based on GIS and RS

三维可视化能够使抽象概念且难以直接感知的空间现象现实化以及直观化,利用此技术可以对林地植被进行模拟,虚拟演示林地分布情况,能够获得各种超越现实的空间感知的经验。本研究以湖南省长沙县乌川湖村作为实验区,以1∶10 000的地形图、分辨率为0.5 m的航片以及2013年二类森林资源调查数据等为数据源,充分利用各种数据的优势,把各种数据融为一体,突破了传统的二维林相图,探索出了基于GIS平台的三维林相图的制作,通过三维林相图的制作,不仅能够体验三维森林景观空间变化,立体的、多角度的了解森林组成,直观了解森林空间结构及分布规律,还能够进行查询以及定位功能,方便了林业部门的生产经营和管理。

Three-D visualization technology can make the abstract conceptions and the space phenomena that difficult to directly perceive reality and visualization. Therefore, the technology can be used to simulate woodland vegetation, to demonstrate forest land distribution with virtual method and can abstract various kinds of experiences and concepts of spatial perception beyond the reality that is hard to direct perception of reality and visualization space phenomenon. This study takes Wuchuanhu village of Changsha county in Hunan province as the experimental area, based on the 1 ： 10 000 topographic maps, the aerial photo with resolution of 0.5 meter and the second class forest resource survey data taken in 2013 as the data sources, and takes full use the advantage of a variety of data, then integrates a variety of data, breaks the traditional two-dimensional forest map, finally explores the making method of 3-D forest map based on GIS platform. Through the 3-D forest map making, we can not only taste the changes of forest landscape in three-dimensional space, understand the forest composition with three-dimensional and multi-angle and more intuitively understand the forest spatial structure and distribution law; but also can complete the inquiry and positioning function, thus it is convenient for the forestry sector＇ s production and business operation and management