我国技术侦查措施存在的问题及完善建议

On the Existing Problems of Technical Investigation Measures and Suggestions for Improvement

新修改的《刑事诉讼法》对技术侦查措施作了较多、较明确的规定,是我国证据法治、侦查法治建设取得的重大成就,推动了我国技术侦查制度的法治化进程,对于有力地打击犯罪,有效地保障人权具有重要的现实意义。但是,现行《刑事诉讼法》关于技术侦查措施的规定也存在很多问题,如概念模糊、种类不确定、适用范围不清、适用条件宽松、证据材料使用不科学等,在司法实务操作中易导致技术侦查权的滥用,无法保障公民的基本权利。因此,需要明确技术侦查措施的种类,规范技术侦查措施的审批程序,严格控制采用技术侦查手段的期限;规定技术侦查措施合理的适用范围,明确技术侦查措施的实施主体;并采取有效措施,在保密的同时保证辩方的知悉权、质询权,从而使我国的技术侦查措施予以完善。

The new revised ＂Code of Criminal Procedure＂ provides more detailed and specific provisions on investigative measures, which is regarded as a great achievement in the judicial construction of evidence and investigation. It is of important and practical significance to the fighting of crimes and the effective protection of human rights. It also promotes the rule of law in the process of technical investigation system. However, there are many problems existing in the ＂Criminal Procedure Law＂ provisions on technical investigation measures, such as fuzzy concept, uncertain type, unclear scope, loose applicable conditions and unscientific material evidence etc, which may easily result in abuse of investigation power and failing to protect the basic rights of citizens. Therefore, in terms of technical investigative measures, we are supposed to ensure the following aspects, such as the specific types, standard approval procedures, strictly controlled time limit of employing the measures, reasonable scope of application and the subject of implementation. At the same time, we need to take effective measures and ensure the right of confidentiality and questioning of the defense party so as to perfect our technical investigative measures.