大学生膳食能量和营养素摄入状况调查

Energy and nutrients intakes of university students

目的:调查大学生膳食能量与营养素摄入状况,为制定大学生营养干预方案提供可靠依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,于2013年6月对某高校213名在校大学生进行了调查。采用24小时膳食回顾法连续记录3天的膳食状况,并计算日平均能量和营养素摄入量。结果:大学生能量摄入量低于推荐标准,男女生蛋白质提供的能量达到或接近推荐标准,脂肪提供的能量比例高于推荐标准,碳水化合物提供的能量比例略低于推荐标准。大学生微量营养素缺乏问题较为严重,维生素A、维生素C和钙达到推荐摄入标准的人数比例均低于10%,相对于男生,女生微量营养素缺乏现象更为严重。结论:大学生能量摄入偏低,脂肪供能比略高,碳水化合物供能比略低,微量营养素摄入不能满足其需求,应积极倡导合理饮食。

Objective To survey the energy and nutrients intakes of university students,to explore the problems and to offer the basis for drawing up an suitable nutritional education plan. Methods A representative sample of 213 students was selected by a multistage sampling method from a university. A 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used to collect information of food intake, and energy and nutrients intakes were calculated. Results Energy in- takes of university students were lower than the recommended intakes. Energy offered by protein was adequate. Energy offered by lipids exceeded the recommended intakes. Energy offered by carbohydrate was lower than the recommended intakes. The deficiency of micronutrients was severe. Less than 10% of university students took in adequate vitamin A, vitamin C and calcium. The deficiency of micronutrients in females is more severe than males. Conclusions The ener- gy intake of university students is low. Energy offered by lipids is a little higher than the recommended intakes. Energy offered by carbohydrates is a bit lower than the recommended intakes. Intake of micronutrients is insufficient. A bal- anced diet should be advocated.