对我国教师工资水平的实证分析与政策建议

An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Teachers' Salary &Some Policy Suggestions

通过对2000-2011年12年间我国教师年均工资水平的考察,将教师工资水平与各省份的人均GDP、城镇居民可支配收入进行对比分析发现,我国教师年均工资水平增长较快,但区域差距大,出现中部地区凹陷的现象;教师年均工资水平的省际差距大,最高省份是最低省份的2.6倍,且有进一步拉大的趋势;部分省份教师年均工资水平与当地人均GDP、城镇居民可支配收入不匹配。切实保障教师工资水平的提高,还需从教育法律政策上尽快确定具体的增长参照指标;中部地区政府与教育部门必须及时出台政策措施进行干预;地方政府与教育部门必须重视并及时解决教师工资收入与当地相关社会指标的不匹配问题;加大民族和边远地区教师津补贴力度,吸引和留住更多优秀教师资源。

Based on a survey of the average annual salary of Chinese teachers during the 12 years from 2000 to 2011, a comparative study was made of teachers＇ salaries with each province＇ s GDP per capita and urban residents＇ disposable income. The results show that there is a rapid increase in teachers＇ average annual salaries, but the regional difference is large with the central areas falling down; there is a big difference in teachers＇ salaries among provinces, the highest province being 2.6 times as much as the lowest province, showing the tendency of getting bigger; teachers＇ average annual salaries don＇t match the local GDP per capita and the urban residents＇ disposal income in some provinces. To ensure the improvement of teachers＇ salaries, it is necessary to determine the reference index of growth in education and law policies as soon as possible; both the government and educational departments in the central areas must introduce policies and measures to intervene in a timely manner; local government and educational departments must attach importance to and solve the problem of mismatch between teachers＇ salaries and the relevant local social index; we must increase the subsidies for teachers working in remote areas and ethnic minority areas in order to attract and retain more excellent teachers.