从政策承受者角度分析城乡教育差距——以陕西省X市为例

A Study on Education Gap between Urban and Rural Areas from the Perspective of Policy Bearers——Taking City X of Shaanxi Province for Example

目前关于城乡教育差距的研究多是基于政策设计者和制定者的视角。从政策承受者的视角对陕西省X市的城乡教育差距进行分析表明,城乡教育在设施、师资和生源上都存在差距,城乡教育的二元结构、农村师资和生源的流失是造成这一差距的主要原因,而国家采取的特岗教师政策、支教政策和撤点并校政策并未能有效缓解城乡教育的差距。政府应在教育经费上向农村倾斜,并采取有效措施稳定农村的师资和生源,推动城乡教育的共同发展。

The existing researches on education gap between urban and rural areas are almost using the perspective of the policy designers and makers. An analysis was made of education gap between rural and urban areas in City X of Shaanxi Province from the perspective of policy bearers and the results show that there exists the education gap between urban and rural areas in facilities, teaching staff and source of students, which are mainly caused by the binal structure of rural and urban education and the loss of rural teachers and students. The gap hasn＇t been narrowed effectively by such policies adopted by the country as special-post teachers, supporting education and dismantling teaching points and combining schools. The government should favor rural areas in allotting educational funds and take measures to stabilize rural teachers and students in order to promote the common development of urban and rural education.