门诊学龄前患儿静脉输液的安全管理及护理措施

Safety management and nursing of preschool child patients with intravenous infusion in outpatient service

目的：评价学龄前患儿周围静脉输液管理的临床过程和结果，为临床学龄前患儿静脉输液护理提供依据。方法选择门诊静脉输液的学龄前患儿100例，按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各50例，对照组采用常规输液护理措施，观察组采用输液安全预防性护理措施，使用自行设计的学龄前患儿静脉输液风险评估及防范措施表记录患儿输液情况，比较两组首次穿刺成功率、药液外渗情况、呼叫换液和满意度情况。结果观察组患儿静脉输液首次穿刺成功率为94．00％，静脉药液外渗发生率为12．00％，输液呼叫率为43．33％，均优于对照组的68．00％，40．00％，49．21％，差异有统计学意义（χ2／Z值分别为10．981，－3．098，75．614；P＜0．05）。观察组患儿家长对换液及时满意度、巡视维护、解决问题能力得分分别为（4．27＆#177;0．56），（4．43＆#177;0．38），（4．48＆#177;0．51）分，均高于对照组的（3．13＆#177;0．42），（3．16＆#177;0．64），（3．11＆#177;0．60）分，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2．828，2．963，2．977；P＜0．05）。结论学龄前患儿静脉输液过程中安全管理能提高首次穿刺成功率，减少不良反应的发生，患儿家长满意度更高，值得临床推广与使用。

Objective To investigate the clinical course and outcome evaluation of preschool children peripheral venous transfusion management, and provide the basis for clinical nursing care of preschool children intravenous infusion.Methods Totals of 100 preschool children with outpatient intravenous infusion were divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each according to random number table, routine nursing measures adopted in control group, transfusion safety preventive nursing measures adopted in observation group.According to America Boston Children’ s Hospital child venous transfusion clinical process and outcomes monitoring content, self-designed preschool children with intravenous infusion of risk assessment and preventive measures.Comparison of two groups of children with intravenous infusion of first puncture successful cases, venous medicine exosmosis and call for solution and satisfaction.Results The success rate of＆amp;nbsp;first puncture in observation group was 94.00%, significantly higher than 68.00% in control group of （χ2 =10.981,P〈0.05）.Observation group with 6 cases with venous medicine exosmosis happened in different degree with the incidence rate was 12.00%, significantly lower than the control group of 20 cases with 40.00%（Z =-3.098, P〈0.05）.Observation group with intravenous infusion the call rate of 43.33% was significantly lower than 49.21%in control group （χ2 =75.614, P〈0.05）.The parents of children with liquid timely satisfaction scores （4.27 ±0.56 vs 3.13 ±0.42）, inspection maintenance scores （4.43 ±0.38 vs 3.16 ±0.64）, solves the question ability scores （4.48 ±0.51 vs 3.11 ±0.60） in observation group were higher than that in control group,and the differences were statistically significant （ t=2.828,2.963,2.977, respectively;P〈0.05）.Conclusions Preschool children in intravenous infusion safety management can significantly improve the success rate of first puncture, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, satisfaction of parents of children with more high, which is worth the clinical promotion.