儿童饮食行为干预工具对改善儿童不同饮食问题及照养者担忧程度的作用

Effect of IMFe D tools on improvement of different dietary behavior problems of children and worry of caregivers

目的：评估儿童饮食行为干预工具对儿童不同饮食行为问题及照养者担忧程度的干预效果。方法：在上海市浦东新区选取具有不良饮食行为的1~4岁儿童205名并随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组102名、对照组103名,分别使用儿童饮食行为干预工具和目前临床常规处理方法干预12个月。干预过程中共进行6次随访,每次随访时均记录儿童的饮食行为评分及照养者对干预效果的评价等。结果：两组儿童干预后各项饮食行为评分均比干预前显著下降,其中干预组儿童“对某种食物特别偏好”、“不良进食习惯”和“害怕进食”评分的下降幅度显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。随着干预时间延长,干预组儿童照养者对儿童喂养问题的担忧程度逐渐减轻,家庭成员对儿童喂养问题的意见渐趋一致,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。“对某种食物特别偏好”和“不良进食习惯”改善情况与照养者担忧程度改善程度呈正相关（r=0.337,P=0.016;r=0.403,P=0.000）。结论：与目前常规处理方法相比,儿童饮食行为干预工具对部分饮食行为问题的改善程度较好,并可减轻照养者的担忧程度。

Objective： To evaluate the intervention effect of IMFeD tools on improvement of different dietary behavior problems of children and worry of caregivers. Methods： A total of 205 children aged 1 - 4 years old with dietary behavior problems were selected from Pudong New District in Shanghai and randomly divided into intervention group （ 102 children） and control group （ 103 children） . The chil- dren in the two groups were treated with IMFeD tools and conventional treatment respectively for 12 months. During intervention, the children were followed up for six times, the dietary behavior scores of the children and the evaluation of caregivers for intervention effeat were recorded every time. Results： After intervention, the dietary behavior scores in both intervention group and control group decreased significantly, the decreasing amplitudes of scores of ＂strong preference to some food＂, ＂poor eating habits＂ and ＂scare of eating＂ in intervention group were statistically significantly larger than those in control group （P 〈 0. 05） . With time extension of intervention, the worry of caregivers for feed- ing problems of children gradually declined, and the opinions of family members on feeding problems of children gradually became more con- sistent, there were statistically significant differences （P 〈0. 05） . ＂Strong preference to some food＂ and ＂poor eating habits＂ were posi- tively correlated with the improvement of caregivers＇worry （r = 0. 337, P = 0. 016 ; r = 0. 403, P = 0. 000） . Conclusion： Compared with conventional treatment, IMFeD tools show more advantages in improvement of some dietary behavior problems, which can relieve caregivers＂ worry.