黔南地区农村少数民族已婚妇女细菌性阴道病患病现状及其危险因素

Prevalence and risk factors of bacterial vaginosis in rural minority married women in Qiannan region

目的：了解黔南地区农村少数民族已婚妇女细菌性阴道病患病现状及其影响因素,为预防和控制细菌性阴道病感染提供依据。方法：采取整群抽样方法随机抽取黔南地区20~68岁2 846名农村少数民族已婚妇女进行问卷调查、妇科检查和实验室检查。结果：9 896名农村少数民族已婚妇女中患细菌性阴道病875例,患病率为8.84%。单一患病者619例（6.26%）,混合患病者256例（2.59%）。256例混合患病中合并滴虫性阴道炎134例（1.35%）、生殖道沙眼衣原体感染67例（0.68%）、念珠菌感染55例（0.56%）;875例细菌性阴道病患者外阴瘙痒灼痛感187例（1.89%）,外阴皮肤潮红39例（0.39%）,阴道壁红肿68例（0.69%）,尿痛39例（0.39%）,性交痛26例（0.26%）,下腹部疼痛29例（0.29%）,阴道分泌物增多者487例（4.92%）;487例阴道分泌物增多患者中分泌物黄色176例（1.78%）,分泌物有臭味132例（1.33%）,糊状分泌物90例（0.91%）,泡沫状分泌物21例（0.21%）,凝乳状分泌物例24（0.24%）,稀薄分泌物27例（0.27%）,脓性分泌物17例（0.17%）。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、民族、文化程度、家庭收入、避孕方式、人工流产史是黔南地区农村少数民族已婚妇女细菌性阴道病患病的危险因素。结论：黔南地区农村少数民族已婚妇女细菌性阴道病患病率较高;年龄、民族、文化程度、家庭收入、避孕方式、人工流产史是影响黔南地区农村少数民族已婚妇女细菌性阴道病患病主要因素。

Objective： To understand the prevalence and risk factors of bacterial vaginosis in rural minority married women in Qiannan region, provide a basis for preventing and controlling bacterial vaginosis. Methods： Cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 2 846 rural minority married women aged 20 -68 years old from Qiannan region, then a questionnaire survey, gynecological examina- tion and laboratory examination were performed. Results： Among 9 896 rural minority married women, 875 women were found with bacterial vaginosis, accounting for 8.84%, including 619 women （6. 26% ） with single infection and 256 women （2. 59% ） with mixed infection. A- mong 256 women with mixed infection, 134 women （1.35 % ） were found with bacterial vaginosis combined with trichomnnas vaginitis, 67 women （0. 68% ） were found with bacterial vaginosis combined with genital chlamydial infection, 55 women （0. 56% ） were found with bac- terial vaginosis combined with monilial infection; among 875 women with bacterial vaginosis, 187 women （ 1.89% ）suffered from pruritus vulvae and burning pain, 39 women （0. 39% ） were found with vulva skin flushing, 68 women （0. 69 % ） were found with red and swollen vaginal wall, 39 women （0. 39% ） suffered from pain during urination, 26 women （0. 26% ） suffered from pain during sexual intercourse, 29 women （0. 29% ） suffered from lower abdominal pain and 487 women （4. 92% ） were found with increase of vaginal discharge; among 487 women with increase of vaginal discharge, 176 women （ 1.78% ） were found with yellow vaginal discharge, 132 women （ 1.33% ） were found with smelly vaginal discharge, 90 women （0. 91% ） were found with pasty vaginal discharge, 21 women （0. 21% ） were found with foamed vaginal discharge, 24 women （0. 24% ） were found with curdy vaginal discharge, 27 women （0. 27% ） were found with tenuous vagi- nal discharge and 17 women （0. 17% ） were found with purulent vaginal discharge. Multivariate unconditioned Logistic regression analysis showed that age, nationality, educational level, family income, contraceptive methods and history of induced abortion were risk factors of bacterial vaginosis in rural minority married women in Qiannan region. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of bacterial vaginosis in rural mi- nority married women in Qiannan region is relatively high; age, nationality, educational level, family income, contraceptive methods and his- tory of induced abortion are main influencing factors.