动物性食品铅污染连续监测与评价

Continuous monitoring and evaluation of lead contamination in animal food

目的了解广西动物性食品中铅污染状况与趋势。方法采取分层随机抽样方法,2003年-2013年期间在广西14个市中选择超市、农贸市场、餐饮业、批发市场及加工厂等采样环节,采集水产品类、畜禽肉类、内脏类、蛋奶类等动物性食品进行重金属铅元素检测。结果 3 523份样品中,铅检出率为72.183%,合格率为91.94%。其中皮蛋中铅含量、超标率和污染指数值比较高,超标率为16.638%,属中度污染。铅的检出率逐年下降(χ2=621.965,P=0.000),不同年份铅的合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=66.671,P=0.000)。结论铅污染普遍存在,不同种类的食品污染程度不同,对人体健康构成潜在危害。

Objective To investigate the situation and tendency of lead contamination in animal food. Methods From 2003 to2013 stratified sampling was used to collect animal food from 14 cities of Guangxi in some sampling points,such as markets,supermarkets,catering business,retail stores and finished factories,et al. Aquatic products,livestock and poultry meat,offal class,eggs and milk and other animal foods were collected for the detection of heavy metal,lead. Results Among 3 523 collected samples,the detection rate was 72. 183%,and the qualified rate was 91. 94%. However,the contamination of lead in eggs was still severe,and lead in 16. 638% of egg samples exceeded the national allowable limit,and the contamination is of middle level. The detection rate was decreased from 2003 to 2013（ χ2= 621. 965,P = 0. 000）. The difference of qualified rate in each year was not statistically significant（ χ2= 66. 671,P = 0. 000）. Conclusion Lead contamination in food is common but lead content is different in different food,suggesting potential harmful threats to human health.