新疆野苹果光合和叶绿素荧光参数季节变化

The Dynamic Change of Photosynthetic and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Malus sieversii(Ldb.)Roem.Clones

以天山地区收集的600个无性系中优选得到的18个新疆野苹果无性系为试材,在生长季节采用Li-6400XT光合仪和Porket PEA高速连续激发式荧光仪对各无性系光合和叶绿素荧光参数进行了动态变化测定和分析。结果表明:不同月份影响光合的主导因素存在差异,6月份影响净光合速率(Pn)的主导因素为气孔导度(Gs),7、8月份均为胞间CO2浓度(Ci),9月份影响Pn的主导因子为蒸腾速率(Tr)、Gs,10月份Tr、Gs、Ci对Pn的影响因差异不明显;叶绿素荧光年动态分析表明,初始荧光(Fo)、最大荧光(Fm)、最大荧光发出时间(Tfm)、单位面积的热耗散(DIO/CSO)、单位面积反应中心的数量(RC/CSO)、单位面积为基础的性能指数(PIcs)、荧光诱导曲线和F=Fm之间的面积(Area)均与Pn达到极显著相关水平,说明光化学反应对Pn的影响较大。不同月份间光合速率差异不显著;无性系间存在显著差异,1号无性系年平均光合速率显著高于其它无性系。

18 Xinjing wild apple clones which were selected from 600 clones of Tianshan area were used as materials to measure the changing of photosynthesis rate（Pn） and chlorophyll fluorescence in different month by Li-6400XT and Porket PEA. The results showed that, the dominant factors affecting the photosynthetic were different, the dominant factor was Gs in June while in July and August the dominant factor was both Ci. In September Tr and Gs were turned into the dominant factor. There was no obvious difference on the influence of photosynthesis from Tr, Gs and Ci in October. The dynamic change of chlorophyll fluorescence showed that, Fo,Fm,Tfm,DIo/CSo ,RC/CSo ,Ph＇s and Area were all reached significant correlation level with Pn and photochemical reaction had great influence to Pn. Photosynthetic rate was not significant difference among different months. There was a significant difference between clones, the annual average photosynthetic rate of No. 1 was significantly higher than other clones.