分蘖洋葱杂种一代鳞茎分割栽培试验

Experiment of Bulb Division and Cultivation in F_1 Hybrids of Potato Onion

以分蘖洋葱杂交种‘珠葱1号’为试材,进行了分蘖洋葱杂种一代鳞茎分割栽培试验,以不切割处理的分蘖洋葱和阿城农家品种‘紫皮分蘖洋葱’为对照,确定鳞茎的最佳繁殖系数,旨在更加经济有效地利用分蘖洋葱杂种一代鳞茎。结果表明:种用鳞茎不分割处理,出苗率、生长势、抗病性和产量等指标表现最好,但单位面积种用鳞茎成本最高,约占单位面积产值的50%;鳞茎6等分和8等分处理繁殖系数高,但出苗率降低,生长势弱,产量过低;与不分割处理相比,鳞茎2等分和4等分处理出苗、生长、产量等指标降低不明显,而且种子成本大幅下降,单位面积产值较高。综合用种成本、鳞茎质量和产量、效益等指标,鳞茎2等分和4等分处理既降低了用种费用,又达到了增产增效目的。

Taking potato onion hybrid ＇Zhucong No. 1＇ as test material,bulb division and planting were conducted,with undivied potato onion and farm potato onion cultivar in Acheng as control, to determine the optimal propagation coefficient of bulbs. The results showed that the seedling emergence rate, growth vigor, disease resistance and yield of the undivided treatment （CK1） were the highest,but the cost of bulbs used in planting was the highest and it led to the benefit reduction. The treatments of 6 slices and 8 slices per bulb reached higher propagation coefficient,but they led to a lower rate in seedling emergence,a depression in growth vigor,a fall in yield and a reduction in benefit. Compared with the undivided treatment, the treatments of 2 slices and 4 slices per bulb kept the seedling emergence rate,growth vigor and yield higher,reduced substantially the cost of bulbs used in planting,enhanced the benefits. Compared with the farm potato onion cultivar in Acheng,the treatments of 2 slices and 4 slices per bulb were stronger in growth vigor and disease resistance,less in tiller number,higher in yield and benefits. The experiments concluded that the treatments of 2 slices and 4 slices per bulb could be the optimal propagation coefficient of bulbs in potato onion hybrid.