明代药性组方理论简析

Theoretical Analysis of Dispensing on the Basis of Medicinal Properties in the Ming Dynasty

中药药性包括中药的气味、归经、升降浮沉、有毒或无毒等多个方面,它们分别从不同的角度反映了药物作用的性质和特点,药物的这种"性—效相关性"也正是中药所具有的独特属性。明代诸多医家对药物气味、归经、升降浮沉等传统药性理论进一步阐释与发挥,并将药性理论广泛应用于释方和制方。明代医家在前代医家经验基础之上总结提出的药性组方理论是对传统药性理论的进一步丰富与扩充,对不断完善组方配伍理论以及指导后世临证组方均具有重要的价值。

Performances of traditional Chinese drugs contain many aspects, such as smell, channel tropism, as- cending and descending, floating and sinking, toxic or non-toxic etc. They reflect several natures and characteristics of drug action respectively from different angles. The ＂natures-effect relationship＂ of drugs are just the unique prop- erties what Chinese drugs have. Many physicians of Ming Dynasty explained and developed the further theory on traditional medicinal properties in drug＇s smell, channel tropism, ascending and descending, floating and sinking etc. , and applied the theory on traditional medicinal properties widely to interpretation and dispensing of prescrip- tions. The theory on dispensing of medicinal properties,which was summarized and put forward by Ming Dynasty~ physicians on the basis of experiences of previous physicians, was the further enriching and expansion of the theory on traditional medicinal properties and had the important value for continuously improving the compatibility theory on dispensing and for guiding the posterity for clinical verification of dispensing.