心理安全气氛、前瞻性人格和护士自我效能感关系的探讨

The relationship among psychological safety climate,proactive personality and nurse self-efficacy

目的 探讨心理安全气氛、前瞻性人格和护士自我效能感的关系.方法 2013年10～12月,利用方便抽样法,选取天津市2所三级综合性医院的228名在岗注册护士进行调查,调查问卷包括一般资料量表、心理安全气氛量表、前瞻性人格量表和自我效能感量表.结果 护士心理安全气氛平均得分为（3.05±0.53）分,前瞻性人格平均得分为（2.70±0.48）分,自我效能感平均得分为（2.74±0.45）分,均处于中等水平.心理安全气氛和前瞻性人格可以直接显著正性影响护士自我效能感（r=0.349～0.472,P＜ 0.01）,而且心理安全气氛还可以通过前瞻性人格的中介作用间接影响护士自我效能感（β=0.472降低为β=0.352,P＜ 0.01）.结论 医院可采取有效的措施,改善护士心理安全气氛和前瞻性人格的水平,从而有效提高护士自我效能感.

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological satety climate,proactive personality and self-efficacy.Methods Psychological safety climate scale,proactive personality scale,and self-efficacy scale were used to investigate a total of 228 registered nurses from two tertiary hospitals of Tianjin City from October to December,2013.Results The average points of nurses psychological safety climate was （3.05±0.53）,average points of proactive personality was （2.70±0.48）,average points of self-efficacy was （2.74±0.45）,all were in the medium level.Both psychological safety climate and proactive personality could positively influence nursing self-efficacy directly（r=0349～0.472,P ＜ 0.01）,and psychological safety climate could also indirectly influence nursing self-efficacy through the mediation of proactive personality （3 decreased from 0.472 to 0.352,P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusions Hospi-tal should make concerted efforts to improve psychological safety climate and proactive personality so as to in-crease nurses＇ self-efficacy.