贵州省生物多样性热点地区研究

Study on Biodiversity Conservation Hotspots in Guizhou

全球的气候变化和人类对生物资源的不合理利用,对全球的生物多样性造成了前所未有的干扰和破坏,生物多样性热点地区的保护成为研究的热点。本文根据贵州省生物多样性的现状,选取了生境质量指数、物种多样性指数和景观多样性指数为评价参数,来计算生物多样性指数,再借助空间相关分析方法确定了贵州省生物多样性的热点地区。结果显示,贵州省生物多样性保护热点地区总面积达37 662.68km2,占研究区总面积的21.37%,涵盖了582种指示物种,占全部指示物种数目的94.0%。贵州省生物多样性热点地区共有6个,分别是:黔东北—梵净山、佛顶山为中心的高中山、中山山地;黔北大娄山区及赤水河、习水河河谷;黔东南雷公山、月亮山区及都柳江河谷;荔波—独山喀斯特低中山地;黔西北威宁草海高原湖泊;黔西南南盘江、北盘江及红水河谷。通过分析结果,建议开展生物多样性的全面调查和长期动态监测,并利用3S技术建立自然保护区的信息数据库,以便更好地为生物多样性保护与恢复研究服务。

Unreasonable use of biological resources by human beings and climate change have the negative im- pacts on biodiversity at global scale, thus the hotspot of biodiversity zone has been the major focus in resear- ches. Based on the condition of biodiversity in Guizhou province, this paper collected the index of habitat quality, biodiversity and landscape diversity as the evaluation factors to calculate the index of biodiversity, and further to locate the hotspots of biodiversity in Guizhou province via the method of spatial correlation. The area of biodiversity hot zone in Guizhou reached 37 662.68 km^2 , accounting for 21.37% of the study area, which covered 582 indicator species, accounting for 94% of all indicator species. There are six zones of biodi- versity hotspot in Guizhou province, such as Northeast of Guizhou-Fanjingshan, the center of Fuodingshan in Gaozhongshan and Zhongshan; Daloushan, Chishui river, valley of Xishui river in North Guizhou; Leigongs- han, Yueliangshan and valley of Liujiang in Southeast of Guizhou~ Libo-Dushan karst mountainous area; the plateau lakes of Weiningcaohai; south Panjiang and north Panjiang and valley of Hongshui river in southwest of Guizhou. According to the analysis, we suggest it is necessary that the navigation and dynamic monitoring of biodiversity should been carried out in Guizhou, and a database of protection zone should be established by 3S method with respect to the better protection of biodiversity and ecological restoration.