检察官“软”约束的规范化研究——以文本检视与实践透析为视角

Research on the Standardization of the “Soft” Constraints to Prosecutors:From the Perspectives of Text View and Practice Analysis

职业伦理是检察官的"软"约束,是规范、引导检察官职业行为的重要依据。建构科学的检察官职业伦理规范体系,是司法改革背景下完善中国特色检察制度的必然要求。检视文本,我国检察官职业伦理规范存在的形式混乱、内容重复、类型繁杂等弊端,导致伦理规范缺乏系统性、简练性与明确性,制约着规范理性的实现;透析实践,检察官职业伦理规范在实际运行中陷入了检察权向行政权依附、"精英化"向"大众化"倾斜、职业信仰向社会人情屈从等困境,导致其无法真正发挥规范效力。因此,立足于规范理性与实践理性双重视角,应该通过提升检察官职业伦理规范的科学性、巩固检察官职业伦理建构的"职业化"根基、优化检察官职业伦理培养机制及加强职业伦理规范运行监督等措施,完善我国检察官职业伦理规范体系。

Prosecutors professional ethics code is the important basis of constraining and guiding prosecutor professional behavior. The construction of scientific prosecutor professional ethics code system is requested inevitably to perfect the prosecutors system with Chinese characteristics under the background of judicial reform. By examining the existed text, disadvantages such as the chaos of the forms, the repetition of the content and the multifariousness of the types, lead to the deficiency of systematicness, brevity and clarity, which restricts the realization of the normative rationality. By dialyzing the practice, dilemmas in practice, such as the procu- rators＇ power depending on executive power, the inclination from ＂elite＂ to ＂popularization＂ and the profes- sional faith＇ s bending to human relationship, make it unable to work effectively. Therefore, from the double perspective of the normative rationality and practical rationality, we can perfect the prosecutor professional eth- ics code system in our country by improving the scientific nature of the professional ethics code, consolidating the ＂professional＂ foundation of the systematic construction, optimizing the mechanism of prosecutor cultivation and strengthening the supervision in its operation.