老年慢性病出院病人护理结局及其影响因素分析

Analysis on nursing outcomes of elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases and its influencing factors

[目的]了解老年慢性病出院病人的护理结局,为科学、全面地评价出院老年慢性病病人的健康状况,构建老年慢性病病人健康状况综合评价体系提供依据。[方法]采用"国内护理用老年慢性病病人护理结局评定量表"对广州市2所三级甲等医院及1所二级甲等医院的250例出院老年慢性病病人进行调查,采用SPSS11.0软件包进行描述性分析、单因素分析、多元线性回归分析。[结果]老年慢性病出院病人护理结局各领域得分在中等以上水平,出院后是否需要照顾、是否患脑血管疾病、患慢性病数目、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、经济收入是影响出院老年慢性病病人护理结局的最主要因素。[结论]护士在实施出院护理时,关注病人在健康知识和行为方面的不同水平,重点关注高年龄组、患病复杂、出院后需要照顾及患有脑血管疾病的病人,使此类病人在住院初期就已经开始接受出院计划,有针对性地做好出院指导,提高病人出院后的适应能力,并且根据护理结局的测量,在医院及社区建立及实施老年慢性疾病病人出院计划模式。

Objective：To know about the nursing outcomes of elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases, provide the basis for scientific and comprehensive evaluation of the health status of elderly discharged patients with chronic disease,and constructing the comprehensive evaluation system of health status of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Methods：The “domestic nursing of senile patients with chronic disease care outcome as-sessment scale”was used to investigate the 250 cases of elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases in 2 three grade A hospitals and 1 two grade A hospital in Guangzhou city.The SPSS1 1 .0 software package was used to do descriptive analysis,single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results：Nursing outcome scores in each domain of elderly discharged patients with chronic diseases were above moderate level, whether to need to care after discharge,whether suffering from cerebrovascular disease,chronic disease number, age,marital status,educational level and income were the main influencing factors of nursing outcomes of elder-ly discharged patients with chronic disease.Conclusion：In the implementation of discharged nursing,the nurses focus on different levels of health knowledge and behaviors of patients,pay attention to the patients in high age group,with prevalence of complex,after discharge in need of care and patients with cerebrovascular disease. They make the patients in the hospital begin to accept early discharge planning and targeted guidance after dis-charge,so as to improve the adaptability of patients after discharge,and according to the measurement of nurs-ing outcomes to establish and implement discharge planning model for elderly patients with chronic diseases in hospitals and community.