基于全寿命周期成本的配电网蓄电池储能系统的优化配置

Life Cycle Cost Based Optimal Configuration of Battery Energy Storage System in Distribution Network

蓄电池储能具有效率高、使用寿命长、对地理条件要求低等优点,其额定功率和额定容量可以独立配置。以配电网中蓄电池储能系统全寿命周期内总的净收益最大为目标,研究配电网中蓄电池的配置和各时段充/放电值的优化,综合考虑了储能套利收入、政府电价补贴收入、减少电能转运费、延缓电网升级以及全寿命周期成本等因素。建立了蓄电池储能系统配置的混合优化模型,提出一种基于差分进化和预测-校正内点法的混合算法并进行求解。最后,算例测试比较了钠硫电池、全钒液流电池、多硫化物/溴液流电池、铅酸电池和锂离子电池的配置和净收益,分析了影响经济效益的指标,为蓄电池的配置规划提出了建议,并验证了所建模型和求解算法的可行性。

The battery energy storage system （BESS） is of such merits as high efficiency, long service life and adaptability to geographical conditions, besides its rated capacity and rated power can be configured independently. Taking the optimized total net proceeds of BESS in distribution network within its life cycle as the objective, the configuration of the battery in distribution network and the optimization of charging/ discharging values in different time intervals are researched while such factors as income of arbitrage, income from government’s feed-in tariff, reducing power wheeling cost, deferring facility upgrades and life cycle cost （LCC） are synthetically considered. A hybrid optimization model of configuring BESS is established, and a hybrid algorithm based on differential evolution （DE） and predictor-corrector interior point method （PCIPM） is put forward to solve this model. Finally, the configurations and net proceeds of sodium sulfur （NAS） battery, vanadium redox battery （VRB）, polysulfide bromine battery （PSB）, value-regulated lead-acid （VRLA） battery and lithium-ion （Li-ion） battery are compared through case studies, and the indices impact economic benefit are analyzed to validate the feasibility of the established model and the proposed algorithm, and some suggestions on the configuration plan of the battery are proposed.