劳动力成本上升对制造业结构升级的影响研究——基于中国制造业细分行业数据的实证分析

Research on the Impact of Rising Labor Cost on Manufacturing Structure Upgrading——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of Sub-sectors of Chinese Manufacturing

本文基于2003-2012年中国制造业细分行业面板数据,对劳动力成本上升影响制造业结构升级的效应展开实证研究,结果表明:劳动力成本上升对劳动、资本、技术密集型制造业的影响分别为显著为负、显著为正、为正但不显著;劳动力成本上升已成为促进制造业结构升级的重要推手;我国劳动密集型制造业传统优势日渐消失,且通过大量的劳动、资本与R&D投入同样难以维系其可持续发展;当前应有机融合资本与劳动要素,重点发展资本密集型制造业,同时推进实施创新驱动战略,强力扶持技术密集型制造业发展。

Based on the 2003-2012 data of sub-sectors of Chinese manufacturing,this paper analyses the effects of rising labor cost on manufacturing structure upgrading. The research results show that rising labor cost has negative impact on labor-intensive manufacturing,and has positive impact on capital-intensive and technology-intensive manufacturing. Rising of labor cost has become the important power to improve manufacturing structure to upgrade. The traditional comparative advantage of labor-intensive manufacturing has been decreasing strongly,and this even can＇t be reversed by investing lots of labor force,capital and RD resources. China should focus on the development of capital-intensive manufacturing by integrating the resources of capital and labor,and at the same time,implement innovation-driven strategy quickly to push on the development of technology-intensive manufacturing.