从比较法的视角论我国专家第三人责任制度

On the Third Party Liability of Experts System from the Perspective of Comparative Law

专家责任指专家在执业活动中给他人造成损害所应承担的民事责任,是社会专业分工精细化到达一定程度的产物。而现代社会对专家责任关注的焦点发生了转变:其不仅仅是专家对委托人责任的问题,而是向第三人责任发展,即专家作为信息提供者导致与其无合同关系的第三人遭受损害时所应承担的民事责任。专家第三人责任涉及合同相对性、纯粹经济损失的侵权法救济以及社会公众利益和专家职业利益的平衡问题,实有深入研究之必要。以比较法为视角,通过对不同国家地区关于专家第三人责任制度的立法、司法、学说、判例加以比较,分析其利弊得失,从而对我国专家第三人责任制度的建构提出若干建议。

Expert liabilitymeans experts in the activities should bear civil liabilitywhen they cause damage to others,which is a product of social specialization fine reaches a certain level. The focus ofmodern expert liability has shifted from client liability to third party liability. Namely experts as information providers that caused damage to a third person shall bear civil liability. Third party liability of experts involves contract relativity,tort relief of pure economic loss,and the balance of public interests and expert interests,to which there is a necessity of an in-depth study. By comparing different countries systemof legislation,justice,theory,case on this issue,analyzing itsmerits and demerits,the paper puts forward some suggestions to the construction of the third party liability system.