物权法定原则起源探究

On the Origin of the Numerus Clausus Principle

物权法定原则是近代物权法的原则,只有在近代社会历史情境中,才能寻得物权法定原则存在的意义。物权法定原则也是现代财产法体系的普遍特征,英美法系的法院在对待创设新财产权的态度也是十分谨慎和保守的。物权法定原则存在的正当性根据是复合的构成。法国起源说侧重于物权法定原则所因应的特定政治需要,而德国法起源说则更加重视物债二元财产权体系维持的逻辑上的自洽性。政治需要是我国仍然必须坚持物权法定原则的一个重要理由。

The numerus clausus principle,as a common feature of modern property law,derives its origin from the modern civil law system,and its value is found only from the modern circumstances. The legitimacy of it is complex. One side,the theory of France civil law set up it for the demand of political revolutions; the other hand,the German civil law adopt it for the needs of distinguishing and system maintaining between the real rights and obligatory rights.