在叙事中看到的医学景象——医学人文化的回归

Medical Prospects Learning from the Narrative:the return of humanity in medical field

疾病不仅仅是一个生物过程,而且还是一段经历,可能对人的一生都会产生影响。然而,在这样一个技术被广泛应用的时代里,医生通过与患者的对话——"叙事"去了解并缓解其疾痛已然成为一种奢侈。本文旨在通过综述叙事医学的起源及发展历史,探讨叙事与医学的相关性及可能的应用,并对叙事医学的发展方向及未来的医学景象作出展望。此外,还将"叙事"中折射出的临床医生角色功能归纳为五个要素:不只有循证,还说故事;不只谈疾病,还需整合;不只讲科学,还给关怀;不只能严谨,还会沟通;不只顾功能,还重意义。

Disease is not only a biological process,but also an experience which will influence a human＇s whole life.However,in such a technology-widely-used time,it has been a luxury that doctors use a dialogue with patients—— ＂ narrative＂ to understand and alleviate their disorders and pains.This article aims to review the origin and development history of narrative medicine,to explore the relationship between narrative and medicine and possible applications,and to prospect the development trend of narrative medicine and the future imagination of medicine.Furthermore,the role of physicians emerging from ＂ narrative＂ can be concluded into five aspects：not only evidence-based,but also storytelling;not only focusing illness,but also needing integration;not only focusing science,but also giving care;not only preciseness,but also communication;not only focusing function,but also pursuing meaning and valuing.