蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用的理论与实证分析

Theoretical and Empirical Analysis on Diversified Utilization of Sericultural,Cocoon and Silk Resources

应用范围经济理论解释蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用的实质,通过16个省(区、市)共94个县(市、区)和93家企业的调查数据剖析我国蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用的发展现状、存在问题及其原因,提出我国蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用的主要方向和战略选择。分析认为,蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用的实质在于充分利用蚕丝产业链各环节的物质、生物和文化资源,实现范围经济,提高产业综合经济效益;我国蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用产值不断增长,蚕丝产业多元化趋势显现,但仍存在着生产规模小、主导产业不明确、产业化程度低、市场需求拓展不够等问题,主要原因在于认识不到位、宣传不力、开放性不足、技术支撑不够等。建议以拓展循环经济、促进互补产业发展、开发高附加值和高新技术产品、推进蚕丝生态文化旅游为主要方向,实施整体宣传、因地制宜、科技成果市场化、构建新型蚕丝产业体系等战略,进一步推进蚕桑茧丝资源多元利用,实现蚕丝产业多元化发展。

In this study,the theory of scope economy was applied to explain the essence of diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources and to analyze its development situation,existing problems and causes according to the survey data in 94 counties（ cities or areas） and 93 companies from 16 provinces（ autonomous regions or municipalities） in China. Based on the analyses,the main directions and strategic choices were proposed for diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources in China. Our analyses revealed that the essence of diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources was to make full use of material,organismal and cultural resources in the industrial chain of sericulture so as to implement scope economy and improve comprehensive economic benefits of the industry.Although the output value of diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources has been increased continuously in the past decade,and the diversification trend has appeared in sericultural industry,there are still many problems such as small scale of production,unclear leading industry,low degree of industrialization,and insufficient development of market demand. Its main reasons were the lack of recognition,ineffective publicity,insufficient openness,and insufficient technological support etc. For future development of diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources,it was proposed to expand circular economy,promote complementary industry development,develop high value-added and high-tech products, and promote silk ecological cultural tourism etc,and to publicize integrally,adjust measures for practical conditions,marketize scientific and technological achievements,and establish new system of sericultural industry etc. Implementation of the above development guidelines and strategies will lead to more efficient and more diversified utilization of sericultural,cocoon and silk resources in sericulture and silk industry.