晚清维新派与日本志士精神

Chinese Reformists in the Late Qing Dynasty and Japanese Patriots' Chivalrous Spirit

晚清知识分子歌吟赞颂的侠客,不仅是司马迁在《游侠列传》与《刺客列传》中所描绘的人物,而且包括许多日本幕末维新志士,两者往往以同一精神面貌出现。日本志士的侠义形象源于黄遵宪的描绘,后被唐才常、谭嗣同、康有为、梁启超等维新派知识分子继承与吸收。这种精神不仅极大地推动了戊戌维新运动,而且成为梁启超流亡日本后以"日本魂"塑造中国"国魂"的重要思想土壤。

Chinese intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty upheld the chivalrous spirit.The chivalrous swordsmen who were admired were not only the characters described in Biographies of Kinght-errants and Biographies of Assassins by Si Maqian,but also included many Japanese reformist patriots.The two groups often appeared as the same outlook.Huang Zunxian first described Japanese patriots＇ chivalrous spirit and then the reformists,such as Tang Caichang,Tan Sitong,Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao,inherited this spirit,which gave impetus to Reform Movement of 1898 and became an important ideological source of Liang Qichao＇s theory of national spirit after he fled to Japan.