阿巴嘎旗近30a春夏季干旱及影响因子分析

Analysis on Drought and Influencing Factors in Spring and Summer in Recent 30 Years in Aabaga Banner

通过对阿巴嘎旗地区1981—2010年春季降水量、汛期降水量、≥35℃高温日数、夏季气温、春季大风和扬沙日数的资料进行分析,发现干旱不仅影响牧草生长、畜牧业产品发展,而且加剧草场退化和沙漠化。近30a来,春季风大,夏季气温高,年蒸发量与年降水量比率偏大,土壤水分严重亏缺,是造成干旱的主要原因。为了加强灾害防御、更好地趋利避害,应做好防灾减灾气象服务,及时开展人工增雨作业,采取有效的公共防御对策。

Through the analysis of spring precipitation, flood season precipitation, ≥35℃ temperature days, summer air tempera- ture, spring gale days and blowing sand days from 1981 to 2010, the paper found that not only the drought influenced the growth of pasture, animal husbandry products development, but also intensified grassland degradation and desertification. In the recent 30 yea~, spring gale, high temperature in summer, the high ratio of annual evaporation capacity and annual rainfall and the soil moisture deficit, that were major causes of drought. In order to strengthen disaster prevention, we should do well in meteorological service of preventing disasters and reducing damages and weather modification,and adopt effective commonality defense countermeasure.