从阮籍、嵇康与傅玄的诗歌看正始与西晋诗风的嬗变

Analysis on Poetic Style Change of Zheng Shi and the Western Jin Dynasty from Poems of RUAN Ji, JI Kang and FU Xuan

正始诗人阮籍、嵇康对抗司马氏统治,崇尚玄学,形成寄托"遥深"和"清峻"的诗歌风格。而西晋诗人傅玄投靠司马氏政权,尊儒反玄,诗歌崇尚拟古、讲究语言与形式的创新。通过分析三人人生选择、思想倾向与诗歌特点,可以看出西晋诸贤没有沿着阮籍、嵇康的创作道路发展,而是受到傅玄的影响,变正始玄思为流韵绮靡,从而开启了西晋追求文辞华美与技巧创新的诗风。

RUAN Ji and JI Kang, the poets of Zheng Shi Dynasty, fought against SIMA family＇s rule, advo- cated the metaphysics and created the poetic style of being ＂profound＂ and ＂quiet and severe＂. However, FU Xuan, the poet of the Western Jin Dynasty, went and sought refuge with SIMA＇s regime, advocating Confucianism and devaluing metaphysics. His poetry upholds archaism and calls for innovation of language and form. An analysis on their choices of life styles, thoughts and the characteristics of poetry finds that poets of the Western Jin Dynasty did not follow the step of RUAN Ji and JI Kang, instead they were affected by FU Xuan, changing Zheng Shi metaphysi- cal thoughts to lingering charm and gorgeous notions and starting a new trend of seeking rhetoric wording and technique innovation in poetic style in the Western Jin Dynasty.