危重新生儿院前急救与转运网络的实践及效果评价的研究

Study on evaluation of the practice and effect of pre-hospital first aid and transfer network for neonates with critical conditions

目的研究肇庆市城区及周边城乡危重新生儿院前急救与转运网络的方法与措施,并对其救治危重新生儿的效果评价。方法对我院经院前急救与转运的321例危重新生儿的临床资料进行回顾性研究,同时选取300例自行转运的危重新生儿作为对照,对比两组患儿的预后,并对转运以及转运过程中的急救措施进行分析,以求总结出危重新生儿院前急救与转运的最佳方法。结果本组病例转运成功率为100%、转运途中死亡率为0%,患者转至NICU后总治愈率为92.52%、放弃治疗率为4.98%和死亡率为2.49%。结论院前急救与转运对降低危重新生儿死亡率和致残率起到了积极有效的作用,它不但优化医疗资源,而且还提高了转运网络中基层医务人员对危重新生儿的医疗急救技术,减轻基层医务人员风险,减少医疗纠纷。

Objective To study the methods and measures of pre-hospital first aid and transfer network for neonates with critical conditions in the downtown of Zhaoqing City and surrounding urban and rural areas and evaluate its effect in rescuing neonates with critical conditions. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of 321 neonates with critical conditions who received pre-hospital first aid and transfer in our hospital. Another 300 neonates with critical conditions who received voluntary transfer were selected as controls. The prognosis was compared between two groups. The study evaluated the transfer and first-aid measures applied during transfer in order to summarize the best approach of pre-hospital first aid and transfer for neonates with critical conditions. Results As for the group with pre-hospital first aid and transfer, the transfer success rate was 100%, the mortality rate during transfer was 0%, the total cure rate after transfer to NICU was 92.52%, the treatment abandoning rate was 4.98% and the mortality rate was 2.49%. Conclusion Pre-hospital first aid and transfer play a positive and effective role in reducing the mortality rate and disability rate for neonates with critical conditions. It not only optimizes medical resources, but also improves the medical and first-aid technologies for neonates with critical conditions among grassroots medical staffs within the trans- fer network, mitigates risks of grassroots medical staffs and reduces medical disputes.