非对称纳米材料的性质及其应用

Properties and Applications of Janus Nanomaterials

具有非对称结构的纳米材料显示出独特的物理和化学性质,在生物传感、靶向药物运载以及分子检测等生物医学领域具有良好的应用前景。本文就非对称纳米材料的性质及其应用方面的最新研究进展进行了综述。首先,我们从三个不同方面讨论了非对称纳米材料的性质及相关应用,即表面双亲性、催化特性和生物相容性;然后着重强调了非对称纳米材料在生物医学上的应用,如生物传感、靶向运载、基因疫苗以及杀菌剂;最后,我们对非对称纳米材料在制备技术的改进及其在食品安全领域的应用作出了展望。

Asymmetric nanomaterials（ Janus nanomaterials） comprising at least t wo components of different chemistry,functionality,and / or polarity have attracted great scientific interest in a wide range of applications.Additional properties are attributed to the asymmetric spatial distribution of functionalities on a single anisotropic nanoparticle,like amphiphilicity or ne wcatalytic characteristic. In addition,Janus nanomaterials＇ synergistic potential for multilevel targeting,and combination therapies make them particularly attractive for biomedical applications including biosensing,targeting delivery and bio-detection. In this paper,the advances in properties and applications of Janus nanomaterials are summarized. First, some properties and applications of Janus nanomaterials are described in three different aspects： amphipathicity, catalytic characteristic and biocompatibility. Second,the main biomedical applications are highlighted, which include biosensing,targeting delivery,gene vaccine and antimicrobial. Finally,the further development in preparation of Janus nanomaterials and their applications in food safety are expected.