苏格兰地区少数族裔创业与社会资本引入

Ethnic Minority Business in Scotland

论文通过调研华裔、印度裔、巴基斯坦裔等少数族裔在苏格兰的创业活动,分析了苏格兰华裔、印度裔、巴基斯坦裔等少数族裔移民的人口与经济活动及创业障碍。认为尽管少数族裔创业对促进少数族裔就业、改善少数族裔群体生活条件、促进地区社会稳定与经济增长作出了重要贡献,但少数族裔创业仍存在难以获得外部融资、可获得建议渠道有限、创业动机不太积极、行业过分集中导致竞争激烈以及创业者素质有待提高等局限性。主要原因可归结为少数族裔创业环境的"政策缺失"和"社会资本弱化"。这两点可通过"政府引导"与"社会资本引入"管理制度的创新进行改善和补偿。

Using the statistics released by the Scottish government and the information obtained through interviews and survey, the author of this article presents a picture of three ethnic minority groups, Chinese, Indians, and Pakistanis, in their business activities in Scotland. She holds that these ethnic groups have higher motivation to start their own business; they raise capitals usually from family circles; they seldom seek advice from outside resources; and they prefer their children to seek careers in high-tech or public services instead of inheriting family business. The author also discusses the importance of social capital for ethnic minority business.