极地天然气水合物勘探开发现状及对中国的启示

POLAR GAS HYDRATE EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT

极地天然气水合物分布于南北极大陆及其毗邻海域的沉积物(岩)中,与广泛分布的永久冻土带密切相关,资源潜力巨大。极地天然气水合物储层类型主要为富砂沉积物储层,能提供天然气水合物高浓度聚集所需的储集渗透性,最可能实现远景勘探和商业利用。随着全球气候变暖,北冰洋海冰加速融化和航道开通,北极地区蕴藏的丰富资源都将从潜在利益变成现实利益,各国的权益纷争也将愈演愈烈。本文综述了极地天然气水合物勘探开发现状和相关国家的水合物开发政策,依据中国海陆域天然气水合物勘查开发现状,提出了中国参与极地天然气水合物研究和开发的思路和途径,为中国极地资源开发利用战略提供参考。

Gas hydrates in the polar regions exist in sediments or sedimentary rocks on the continents and in adjacent offshore areas. The distribution of gas hydrates is closely related to the permafrost area. The potential of the gas hydrate resource in the polar regions is very large. Gas hydrate occurs mainly in sand-rich reservoirs,which provide the high permeability required for a mass accumulation of gas hydrates. With global warming,accelerated melting of sea ice and opening of waterways in the Arctic Ocean will facilitate the exploration and exploitation of the rich resources in these areas. However,there is the potential for dispute among countries wishing to exploit this resource.This paper reviewed the status of polar gas hydrate exploration and the development of relevant national policies.Based on the current status of gas hydrate exploration and development in China,we present ideas and suggest ways of participating in polar gas hydrate research and development to provide a reference for China＇s polar resource development and utilization strategy.