一种新型深空探测样品封装技术

Technology of A Sample Vacuum Encapsulation for Deep Space Exploration

对样品进行真空封装是深空探测取样及返回任务中的一项核心技术,它能够成功维持样品成分原态。文章提出了一种能够符合我国深空探测任务的样品封装技术,其封装机构由复合式开合机构及火工锁紧机构组成,是一种极低漏率、高可靠的多层金属真空密封容器。通过对这种复合式开合机构和火工锁紧机构的特性方程的推导,对多层金属真空密封的材料匹配等机理的分析,确认这种新型的样品封装技术的原理是正确和可行的。最后对原理样机的性能进行了验证,结果表明:封装机构的体积小、功耗低、可靠性高,样机的密封性能良好,设计具有创新性及工程实用性。

Technology of vacuum encapsulation is a crucial one for sampling and returning mission in deep space exploration,which can effectively maintain the sample＇s original state.The article researches on key components of this technology and presents a new encapsulation technology that can conform to our deep space exploration mission.The sample encapsulation technology consists of encapsulation mechanism and its sealing.The encapsulation mechanism includes an opening and closing multi-mechanism and a pyro-mechanism,and the sealing structure is a kind of multilayer alloy vacuum sealing structure.The article derives the characteristic equation of the opening and closing multi-mechanism and the pyro-mechanism,analyzes the principles of sealing structure,and then shows that these principles are right.A principal device is developed for test,and the test results show that these multi-mechanisms are of high reliability with small volume and low power and that the sealing structure is well in performance.The design of the multi-mechanism is innovative and practicable for the future space exploration.