马尾松巢式交配子代产脂力、生长和木材密度遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Resin-producing Capability,Growth and Wood Basic Density on Progeny of Nested Mating Design of Pinus massoniana

以浙江省淳安县富溪林场马尾松巢式交配设计的15年生遗传测定林为试验材料,分析其生长、木材基本密度和产脂力主要经济性状父本/母本效应和加性/显性效应.结果表明,不同杂交组合间、父本间以及父本内母本间的生长、木材基本密度和产脂力皆存在显著的遗传差异.各性状受母本效应影响较大,母本效应方差分量约为父本的1.29～2.19倍.马尾松胸径、木材基本密度和产脂力同时受加性效应和显性效应控制,其中加性效应略高于显性效应.而树高和单株材积则主要受加性效应控制,加性效应方差分量约为显性效应的2.7倍和3.4倍.估算各性状广义遗传力发现,胸径、树高、单株材积和产脂力受中度遗传控制,广义遗传力在0.48～0.69之间,木材基本密度广义遗传力相对较低,为0.31.胸径、树高和单株材积与产脂力呈中度正遗传相关,遗传相关系数在0.475 5～0.553 2之间,表明生长和产脂力可同时得到遗传改良.以产脂量作为选择指标,共选出14个优良杂交组合和14个优良单株,其产脂量分别比对照高出43.31％～93.01％和125.47％～252.64％.

The male and female parents effects,additive effect and dominant effect of growth,wood basic density and resin-producing capability were investigated in a progeny test forestry of 15 years old Pinus massoniana with nested mating design located at Chun＇ an County of Zhejiang Province.The results showed that there existed significant differences in growth and wood basic density among the crossing combinations,male and female/male parents.Female parent effect was 1.29 to 2.19 times larger than male parents for all traits tested.The DBH,wood basic density and resin-producing capability were controlled by additive and dominant effect simultaneously,but additive effect was slightly larger than dominant effect.Height and individual volume were controlled by additive effect primarily and additive effects were 2.7 times and 3.4 times larger than the dominant effect.The results of estimating broadsense heritabilities for growth and resin-producing capability showed that they were under moderate genetic control and the heritabilities ranged from 0.48 to 0.69.The heritability for wood basic density was lower than the other traits.The DBH,height and individual volume were significantly correlated genetically with resin yield and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.475 5 to 0.553 2,suggesting growth and resin-producing capability could be genetic improved simultaneously.Fourteen superior crossing combinations and fourteen superior individuals were selected based on resin yield and the resin yield was 43.31％ to 93.01％ and 125.47％ to 252.64％ higher than the control,respectively.