摘要
This case-controlled study was designed to evaluate the association between various baseline parental factors and the risk of hypospadias in China. Patients were selected from tertiary referral hospitals in Anhui, a province in mid-eastern China. A questionnaire was given to the parents of each patient. The final database included 193 cases and 835 controls. The incidence of additional coexistent anomalies was 13.0%, primarily cryptorchidism （9.8%）. Ten patients （5.1%） were from families with genital anomaly, including five families （2.6%） with hypospadias. The risks of hypospadias was higher for children of mothers 〉 35 （odds ratio [OR] =1.47） and 〈 18 （OR = 2.95） years of age, and in mothers who had consumed alcohol （OR = 2.67）, used drugs （OR = 1.53） and had an infection （OR = 1.87） during pregnancy. The risk of hypospadias was also higher when mothers （OR = 1.68） and fathers （OR = 1.74） were engaged in agriculture. Other factors assessed were not associated with the risk of hypospadias.
This case-controlled study was designed to evaluate the association between various baseline parental factors and the risk of hypospadias in China. Patients were selected from tertiary referral hospitals in Anhui, a province in mid-eastern China. A questionnaire was given to the parents of each patient. The final database included 193 cases and 835 controls. The incidence of additional coexistent anomalies was 13.0%, primarily cryptorchidism （9.8%）. Ten patients （5.1%） were from families with genital anomaly, including five families （2.6%） with hypospadias. The risks of hypospadias was higher for children of mothers 〉 35 （odds ratio [OR] =1.47） and 〈 18 （OR = 2.95） years of age, and in mothers who had consumed alcohol （OR = 2.67）, used drugs （OR = 1.53） and had an infection （OR = 1.87） during pregnancy. The risk of hypospadias was also higher when mothers （OR = 1.68） and fathers （OR = 1.74） were engaged in agriculture. Other factors assessed were not associated with the risk of hypospadias.
