学龄期儿童注意缺陷多动障碍标准化评估量表的临床应用

Clinical application of standardized rating scales for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children

注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是学龄期儿童最常见的精神障碍之一,其诊断和治疗需要依据对症状、功能损害、共病等情况的全面评估,因此标准化评估量表在临床上被广泛应用.目前常用的标准化评估量表包括“宽频”评估一般行为学问题与社会心理功能或“窄频”针对性评估ADHD症状的量表,以及评估功能损害的量表.有效评估ADHD共病和功能损害的工具在国内较为缺乏.现对国内外常用的学龄期儿童ADHD评估量表的临床应用和进展进行综述。

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among school-age children.The diagnosis and treatment of ADHD rely on a comprehensive evaluation of symptom,functional impairment and comorbidity.Therefore the standardized rating scales is widely used clinically.The standardized rating scales can be categorized into：＂ Broad-band＂ scales,evaluating the general misbehavior and sociopsychological functions and ＂ Narrow-band＂ scales,evaluating ADHD specific symptoms,and also functional impairment rating scales.Useful comorbidity and functional impairment rating scales are in need domestically.This paper reviewed the published literature about the clinical application and progression of frequently-used rating scales for school-age ADHD evaluation,at home and abroad.