硒镧复合作用对巴西蘑菇产量、重金属和各类氨基酸含量的影响

Effects of Se and La on the yield of Agaricus brasiliensis and its heavy metal and amino acid contents

通过配置不同硒镧配施水平,研究巴西蘑菇子实体产量、重金属含量和各类氨基酸总量的变化.结果显示,硒镧配施浓度为Na2Se O3 43.810 mg/kg+La C13 35.335 mg/kg(B2)处理后,巴西蘑菇产量最高,为1 669.52 g,极显著(P<0.01)高于对照.高浓度配施Na2Se O3 87.619 mg/kg+La C13 70.670 mg/kg(B4)处理后重金属(铅、镉、汞、砷)含量显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)低于对照,其中铅、汞和砷分别为0.86 mg/kg、0.15 mg/kg和0.05 mg/kg,达国家食用菌卫生标准(GB7096-2003).各类氨基酸总量测定结果表明,与对照相比,硒镧配施浓度为Na2Se O3 43.810 mg/kg+La C1335.335mg/kg(B2)处理后,鲜味氨基酸总量、甜味氨基酸总量、硫氨基酸总量和儿童氨基酸总量极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)增加.回归分析表明,经硒镧处理的巴西蘑菇子实体中鲜味氨基酸总量、甜味氨基酸总量、芳香族氨基酸总量、支链氨基酸总量、儿童氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量与硒镧浓度呈抛物线关系.本研究表明,配施一定浓度的硒镧能提高巴西蘑菇子实体产量和多种氨基酸含量,并降低重金属(铅、镉、汞、砷)含量.

This research aimed to study the effects of different concentrations of Se and La on the yield, contents of heavy metals and various amino acids ofAgaricus brasiliensis fruit bodies. The yield, contents of heavy metals and amino acids were measured for A. brasiliensis fruit bodies cultivated with different concentration of Se and La. The yield of fruit body was 1 669.52 g in the mushroom under treatment of Na2SeO3 43.810 mg/kg ＋ LaC13 35.335 mg/kg （Bz）, significantly higher than that of control. With treatment of Na2SeO3 87.619 mg/kg ＋ LaC13 70.670 mg/kg （B4）, there was a significant or very significant decrease in contents of heavy metals including Pb, Cd, Hg and As, with the contents ofPb, Hg and As as 0.86 mg/kg, 0.15 mg/ kg and 0.05 mg/kg respectively, meeting the state sanitary standard （GB7096-2003）. The treatment of Na2SeO3 43.810 mg/kg ＋ LaC13 35.335 mg/kg （BE） significantly or very significantly increased the contents of flavor amino acids, sweet amino acids, sulphur amino acids and children amino acids. Regression analysis also showed a parabolic relation between the concentration of Se and La and the contents of flavor amino acids, sweet amino acids, aromatic amino acids, branched chain amino acids, children amino acids and essential amino acids in the A. brasiliensis fruit bodies. The results indicated that cultivating A. brasiliensis with certain concentration of Se and La can improve the yield and contents of amino acids and decrease the heavy metal contents in its fruit body.