邻苯二甲酸二丁酯生物降解研究进展

Research progresses in dibutyl phthalate biodegradation

作为一种重要的化工原料,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl phthalate,DBP)被广泛应用于橡胶、塑料、香料和化妆品等行业.然而,DBP与有机载体结合能力较差,易扩散到环境中,是一种分布广泛的内分泌干扰物,对生态及环境健康构成了严重威胁.环境中DBP的分解、转化方法及技术探索已成为环境污染治理的重要研究方向,而生物降解是DBP矿化的主要途径.本文系统概述了近年来国内外采用真菌、细菌和水生植物进行DBP生物降解的研究进展,重点阐述了DBP微生物降解的环境影响因素、微生物降解途径和DBP及其代谢产物检测方法.最后,结合近年来开展的DBP生物降解实例,指出未来相关研究应集中在生物降解作用机理探讨、混合生物降解体系构建、代谢途径分析、关键酶及遗传机制剖析及检测技术开发方面,从而为DBP生物降解工艺技术的研发提供理论支撑.

As a common chemical raw material, dibutyl phthalate （DBP） is widely applied in rubber, plastic, perfume and cosmetic industries. Due to its poor binding capacity with organic carrier and tendency of diffusion, DBP is a universally distributed endocrine disruptor in the environment, Its ecological toxicity has posed serious health threats on the ecology and environment. The decomposition, transformation methods and technology of DBP has become an important research field in environmental pollution control. Biodegradation is the main mineralization process of DBP. The present paper reviews the recent worldwide research progresses in biodegradation of DBP by fungi, bacteria and aquatic plants. The environmental factors influencing microbial biodegradation of DBP, the microbial biodegradation pathways and the detection techniques of DBP and its metabolites are intensively elaborated. Based on the recent applications of DBP biodegradation, it is concluded that further researches should focus on the exploitation of biodegradation mechanisms, the construction of mixed species for biodegradation, the analysis of biodegradation pathways, the investigation of key enzyme and genetic mechanisms, and the development of efficient and economical detection techniques, which would provide theoretical guidance for the research and development of DBP biodegradation technologies.