叶面尘对植物反射光谱及生理生态的影响研究进展

Effects of foliar dust on plant reflectance spectra and physiological ecology:A review

随着人类活动对环境影响的加剧,细小颗粒物群体逐渐变得庞大,成分变得复杂,危害程度也渐渐增强.细小颗粒物或粉尘与雾霾天气现象联系紧密,给人类健康带来巨大的负面影响,同时颗粒物在重力等因素的作用下附着于植物叶片表面形成叶面尘,导致植物的反射光谱和生理生态有所改变.本文综述了叶面尘对植物反射光谱及生理生态的影响研究,叶面尘与植物叶片反射光谱和叶片图像各参数具有明显的相关性,叶面尘使植物光谱反射率下降,影响其营养指标的测定以及影响植物生长、叶片形态结构及其光合效率,此外还对植物造成病理危害.叶面尘对植物叶片反射光谱及生理生态的影响是一个复杂并较新的研究领域,但当前存在涉及范围不够广泛、研究程度不够深入、研究方法和策略不够先进完善等不足,叶面尘对植物各方面的影响还需要大量的实验进一步测量验证;建议将叶面尘与植物反射光谱、生理生态等的相关关系作为森林经营管理、林木生态功能的一个重要组成部分,开展更加系统全面深入的研究.

With the intensified impact of human activities on the environment, fine particle groups increase in size, complexity and damage. The tiny particles or dust are closely related to haze, having negative influence not only on human health but also on vegetation reflectance spectra and physiological ecology. This paper summarizes the relationship between haze and foliar dust, which can well represent the composition of atmospheric particles. The atmospheric particulates form foliar dust by attaching to the surface of plant leaves under gravity and other factors. Foliar dust decreases spectral reflectance of plant, affecting plant growth, leaf morphology and photosynthetic efficiency. The review analyzes the current existing problems in research on foliar dust in terms of the research scope, extent, and methods. It points out that more experiments of measurement and validation are needed to understand the effect of foliar dust on the various aspects of plants in order to reduce the damage of foliar dust to plant productivity. This paper concludes that foliar dust has obvious correlation with plant leaf reflectance spectra and parameters of leaf image, that researching the effect of foliar dust on plant leaf reflectance spectra is a complex and relatively new field, and that more systematic research is needed to clarify such effect so as to further improve the management and ecological functions of forests.