他心感知如何可能?

How Could It be Possible for the Perception of Other Mind?

推测他人心理状态与知觉自我具有内在的联系,借助自动的、无意识的模仿,我们可能直接体验到他人的内心状态,这得益于观察者和被观察者之间相似的神经通路。这一发现揭示了感知他人动作意图的关联机制。本文在分析由此带来的启示的同时,通过因果性考察谨慎指出,(神经)相关性并未提供关于他心理解的完备解释,并且它们仅仅在最低限度发挥作用。文章由此进一步探讨了他心知识的知识论特征,即作为一种具有私人性质的知识,他心经验能够通过公共的表达方式以及对各自心灵状态性质的描述,达成相对一致的体认和交流。然而,从根本上读懂他心又是不可能的,因为意识经验存在于其严格意义下的拥有者,经验主体内部呈现出来的独特的感受质无法从第三人称角度得到测量。就此而言,所谓的感知他心不是寻求对他人行动方式的因果性说明,而是阅读他人特定情境中的意义表达。

We may experience directly the inner state of others with the automatic and unconscious imitation,which benefits from similar neural pathways between the observer and the observed.This finding reveals correlative mechanism for perceiving the action intent of others.Based on the analysis of the resulting revelation,this article carefully points out that,(nerve) correlation does not provide a complete explanation of other mind,and it plays a role only at a minimum.As a kind of knowledge of private nature,other mind experience is able to form relatively consistent recognition and communication through public expression.However,consciousness exists within the owner of it in the strict sense,the so-called perception of others mind does not seek causal explanation of other's action,but read the meaning expression of others in the specific context.