加拿大失业保障政策的变迁、现状及影响

Changes,Present Situation and Influence of Unemployment Insurance Policy in Canada

加拿大是典型的高收入和高福利国家,一方面幅员辽阔,季节性行业盛行,不同地区的失业率存在较大的差异,另一方面政府权力较为分散,人口主要由移民组成。与其他国家相比,加拿大的劳动市场具有明显的特征,研究加拿大的失业保障政策对于很多国家都有着重要的借鉴意义。本文试图厘清加拿大失业政策的变迁、现状及影响,从加拿大失业政策历程来看,我国的失业保障政策由被动转向主动是必然的趋势,帮助暂时失业的劳动者重新就业远比为其提供短期经济保障更有价值。

Canada is a typical state of high income and high welfare state. On the one hand, it is vast in territory, where seasonal industry is very popular, there are great differences between the different regions in the unemployment rate. On the other hand, the power of the government is more dispersed, and the population is mainly composed of immigrants. Compared with other countries, Canada has obvious characteristics in its labor market. Study on the unemployment in- surance policy in Canada have important reference significance for many countries . This paper tries to analyze the present situation and the impact of the changes of unemployment policy in- Canada. From the perspective of the changes of Canadian unemployment policy we can see that it is an inevitable trend for China＇s unemployment security policy to transform from passivity into initiative. It is more valuable to help temporarily unemployed get reemployed than to provide shortterm economic aid.