近代“豚尾”形象的日中转换

The Metamorphoses of the Pigtail Image in Modern Japanese and Chinese

西方人发明的骂人词汇"Pigtail"原本并非专指清朝男人脑后的辫子,还包括日本人头顶的丁髷。日本在明治维新后推动以断发为先导的文明开化,在摆脱沦为殖民地的命运后,便开始蔑视国势衰落的中国。他们忘记了自己也曾被嘲讽为"豚尾"的屈辱,以清人的辫子为主攻对象诋毁中国人的形象,把来自西方的"Pigtail"发展成日式的"チャンチャン坊主(辫子佬)"和汉字化表达的"豚尾"。甲午战争前后这一辱华词汇的泛滥,标志着蔑视中国的对华观已在日本民间定型。

The word＂pigtail＂is an abusive term that was created by westerners to refer to men＇s braids behind their heads in Qing Dynasty and the chonmages over the heads of Japanese people. After the Meiji Restoration, Japan began its process of civilization as was ushered by its determination to cut people＇s hair short. After its escape from being colonized, Japan began to show its contempt for the declining China. The Japanese forgot the humiliation they felt when they were mocked as＂pigtails.＂Instead, they targeted on the braids of men in Qing as something to slander the images of Chinese people, transforming the western word＂pigtail＂into Japanese term＂チャンチャン坊主＂（Braids guy） and Chinese term＂豚尾＂（Pigtail）. The prevalence of this abusive term is a symbol showing that contemptuous attitudes toward China were already solidified in Japanese society around the Sino-Japanese War.