农业适度规模家庭经营的理论思考与政策建议

The Theoretical Reflection and Policy Suggestion for Appropriate Scale of China's Agricultural Household Management

农业是经济再生产和自然生命再生产密切结合的产业,此特点决定了农业生产过程无法像工业生产过程那样进行精确的计量和监督,在组织形式的选择上,决定了家庭是农业生产的基本单元。家庭不仅是一个经济活动单元,更是一个由血缘关系联系起来的生命共同体,其成员之间容易形成共识与合力,为着共同利益和共同目标努力,不计利害,无需监督管理。当前实践中出现的合作社、工商资本直接进入农业生产过程的目的更多的在于获取国家财政补贴、土地增值收益及其他更高的非农或非粮收益,长此以往,必将对我国粮食安全及社会稳定产生重大影响。因此,必须对这种现象保持高度警惕。

Agriculture is closely integrated into the economic reproduction and natural reproduction of life, which determines the agricultural production process so that they cannot be precisely measured and supervised as industrial processes. The choice of organizational form determines that the family is the basic unit of agricultural production. Therefore, the family unit is not only an economic unit, it is also related by blood ties as a community of life, so it is easy to form a consensus among its members and they can work together for the common interests and common goals, excluding interests, without supervision. The purpose of the current cooperatives, the direct involvement of industrial and commercial capitals in the agricultural production process is to obtain more state financial subsidies, land revenue and other higher value-added non-food and non-farm income, which must have a significant impact on our food security and social stability in the long run. Therefore, we must remain vigilant to this phenomenon.